近似逼近l_1精确罚函数的罚函数

本文对可微非线性规划问题提出了一类新的近似渐近算法与一类渐近算法,它们都是基于一类逼近l1精确罚函数的罚函数而提出的.并证明了近似算法所得序列若有聚点则其为原问题的最优解;若所得序列为无界的,则给出了序列值收敛到最优值的一个充分条件.对渐近算法,在弱的假设条件下,证明了算法所得的极小点列有界,且其聚点均为原问题的最优解.并在Mangasarian-Fromovitz约束条件下,证明了有限次迭代之后,所有迭代均为可行的,即迭代所得的极小点为可行点.     

分析化学教学中培养学生学习兴趣的几点探讨

结合以往的教学实践,针对学生学习分析化学课程中存在的一些问题,就如何培养医学检验和卫生检验专业学生的学习分析化学兴趣,进行了几点简要的探讨.     

Microstructure of epitaxial superconductive YBa2Cu3O7 thin films prepared at different deposition rates

A study is reported on the growth mechanism of YBa₂Cu₃O₇ with different growth speeds by high resolution transmission microscopy (HRTEM) and analysis of the interface and thin film microstructure. Two thin films were synthesized by pulse laser deposition on [100], miscut 5°, SrTiO₃ substrate at 820 °C, one with a pulse laser frequency of 1 Hz and one with 6 Hz. Cross-sections were studied by an H-9000 NAR HRTEM along the [010] direction. The growth process of the sample made at 1 Hz was as follows. First, distorted step flow growth occurred on a step-mediated substrate surface of 3–4 cells thickness. Second, about a 15 nm thickness of island shape growth becomes superimposed on the area of the step flow layer. Finally, thin film growth occurred but with growth fluctuation. The sample made at 6 Hz showed the characteristics of island growth; the growth area of island or ball shape was of small size and dense distribution, and seemed to be a confused mosaic stack. The influence of growth speed on YBCO epitaxial film microstructure was studied explicitly by HRTEM.     

钒钨酸盐-CdS纳米粒子复合膜的制备与电致变色性能

通过层-层自组装方法制备了由Dawson结构三钒取代型钨酸盐1-K₉P₂W₁₅V₃O₆₂·18H₂O(P₂W₁₅V₃)与CdS纳米粒子构筑的复合膜材料, 研究了CdS纳米粒子添加和复合膜层数对P₂W₁₅V₃多酸复合膜材料电致变色性能的影响. 采用UV, XRD, SEM和循环伏安等测试手段对复合材料的结构和性能进行了表征; 将电化学工作站和紫外-可见吸收光谱联用, 在-1.0~+1.0 V的电压范围内, 对不同层数、 有无CdS纳米粒子复合的的膜材料的电致变色性能进行研究. 研究结果表明, 20层的复合膜材料性能最佳, 光反差为38.05%, 着色时间为3.57 s, 褪色时间为6.94 s, 最大着色效率达到94.04 cm²/C, 实现了从无色、 蓝色到蓝紫色, 再到无色的可逆颜色变化, 相对于单独P₂W₁₅V₃膜, 光反差提高46.07%, 着色效率提高96.53%, 电致变色性能显著提高.     

焊缝超声相控阵检测数据深度学习降噪方法

超声相控阵检测技术在焊缝检测中具有广泛的应用.超声相控阵检测技术检测信号中常混入噪声导致检测成像时难以分辨真实的缺陷特征.这些噪声主要为无关的反射信号和局部相关的结构噪声,传统的超声图像降噪方法难以有效滤除这些噪声,且存在计算效率低、参数优化复杂等问题.该文提出了一种基于深度学习的焊缝超声相控阵检测技术检测S扫图像的降...     

泡沫铜基底原位生长的铜基导电金属有机框架作为双功能电催化剂

以泡沫铜为基底生长氢氧化铜纳米线,通过原位转化合成二维导电金属有机框架(MOF)材料Cu_3HITP_2(HITP=2,3,6,7,10,11-六氨基三亚苯)作为双功能催化剂,可直接用作析氧及氧还原反应的工作电极,而无需使用额外的基底或粘合剂,且无需后续热处理。研究发现以氢氧化铜纳米线为模板的Cu_3HITP_2表现出了更大的电化学比表面积,这种新型的电极可在碱性溶液(0.1和1.0 mol·L~(-1) KOH)中可以稳定运行,析氧反应中在电流密度达到10 mA·cm~(-2)时的过电位仅为1.53 V,超越了商业二氧化钌的催化性能。此外,该催化剂在氧还原反应中的半波电位达到0.75 V,优于大多数MOF材料。     

Ni-Cu双金属催化剂上乙醇水蒸气重整制氢研究—制备方法对催化性能的影响

我们采用分步浸渍法和共浸渍法制备了一系列的Ni-Cu/mSiO₂催化剂.运用XRD、N₂吸附-脱附、H₂-TPR、SEM、TG-DTG等表征手段对催化剂反应前后的物理化学性质进行分析,催化剂对乙醇水蒸气重整（ESR）反应的催化性能通过常压固定床反应器进行评价.结果表明：催化剂的催化性能与载体上的活性组分分散有关,而活性金属的分散性与制备方法有关.共浸渍法制备的催化剂Ni₁₄-Cu/mSiO₂活性组分分散度较高,抗积碳能力与稳定性更好.在质量空速为2.7 h^-1,水醇摩尔比为9,反应温度为550℃的条件下进行稳定性测试,催化剂Ni₁₄-Cu/mSiO₂测试25 h没有出现失活现象,乙醇转化率保持在100%,H₂的选择性保持在70%以上,反应后的积碳含量仅为5.52%.     

Electronic Curves Crossing in Methyl Iodide by Spin--Orbit Ab Initio Calculation

An ab initio investigation of electronic curve crossing in a methyl iodide molecule is carried out using spin-orbit multiconfigurational quasidegenerate perturbation theory. The one-dimensional rigid potential curves and optimized effective curves of low-lying states, including spin-orbit coupling and relativistic effects, are calculated. The spin-orbit electronic curve crossing between ^3Qo＋ and ^1Q1, and the shadow minimum in potential energy curve of ^3Qo＋ at large internuclear distance are found in both sets of the curves according to the present calcu- lations. The crossing position is in the range of Re-1 = 0.2370 3：0.0001 nm. Comparisons with other reports are presented.     

Cs^＋-K^＋ Exchange in Z-Cut KTiOPO4 Crystal Covered with Chromium Masking Layer

Cs^＋-K^＋ ion exchanges are performed on z-cut KTiOPO4 crystals with chromium coating covered. The temperature of ion exchange is 430℃, and the time range from 15min to 30min. The dark mode spectra of the samples are measured by the prism coupling method. The channel structures on the samples are observed by a microscope and the near field pattern of the channel waveguides are measured by the end-fire coupling method. The refractive index of the samples increases and the increments at surface are modulated due to the existence of Cr film. In the region covered by Cr film, the refractive index of the samples at the surface increases dramatically in a shallow layer. The results of energy dispersive x-ray spectra indicate that in the region covered with Cr film, Cr ions participate in the ion exchange process, and enhance the refractive index. The results may provide a possibility that achieves index enhancement and Cr doping synchronically.     

Difference of Oxide Hetero-structure Junctions with Semiconductor Electronic Devices

Charge carrier injection is performed in Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 （PCMO） hetero-structure junctions, exhibiting the stability without electric fields and dramatic changes in both resistance and interface barriers, which are entirely different from behaviour of semiconductor devices. The disappearance and reversion of interface barriers suggest that the adjustable resistance switching of such hetero-strueture oxide devices should associate with motion of charge carriers across interfaces. The results suggest that injected carriers should be still staying in devices and result in changes of properties, which lead to a carrier self-trapping and releasing picture in a strongly correlated electronic framework. Observations in PCMO and oxygen deficient CeO2-δ devices show that oxides as functional materials could be used in mieroeleetronics with some novel properties, in which the interface is very important.